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According to André Lalande’s Vocabulaire technique et critique de la philosophie, there would be in the use of the words “real”, “reality”, “two great concepts originally distinct, but today mixed so closely that one cannot, most often, make the distinction”: … Read More
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Principles The philosophy of law analyzes the fundamental questions of law. It deals with his nature and his conceptions of justice. It is interested in the genesis of norms and rights, as well as the foundations of their validity. The … Read More
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Anti-speciesism For supporters of antispeciesism (philosophical and political movement opposed to speciesism), speciesism is a reprehensible ideology, and an “animal liberation movement” is necessary to put an end to the exploitation of animals. For antispeciesists, “speciesism can be defined as … Read More
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Utilitarianism (John Stuart Mill) Utilitarianism is, historically, the main consequentialist moral theory. He takes as right the action which generates the most happiness for all the agents, happiness being defined as the maximization of pleasures and the minimization of pains. … Read More
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What does ‘God’ mean? To this question, there is a great plurality of philosophical, sociological, or ideological opinions about religion. The religions have various interpretations on the part of the philosophers and the “founding” theorists of the various human sciences. … Read More
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The building of the essence Atheistic existentialism declares that there is a being which cannot be defined before its existence, and that this being is precisely the human being, the Dasein (Da = there and sein = being, this means … Read More
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Wisdom and philosophy Stoic philosophy is a coherent whole: it is a philosophy of totality which aims to be consciously systematic, which is one of the characteristic traits of ancient systems of thought. This doctrine proceeds to divisions of the … Read More
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In philosophy, idealism is the position that all reality boils down to determinations of the mind, whether these are “ideas”, mental representations or more subjective determinations such as “sensory experiences” or the feelings. Theoretical position on the nature of the … Read More
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Syllogistic logic Organon is Aristotle’s principal work of logic, including the Prior Analytics; it constitutes the first explicit work of formal logic, with in particular the introduction of syllogistics. The works of Aristotle are considered in Europe and the Middle … Read More
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Arts and representation (Henri Rousseau, The Football Players.) The notion of “representation” depends on the question one asks at the beginning of the problematic and at the beginning of the art itself. It takes on a very special meaning if … Read More
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